Stress area: 20.12 mm² · Proof load: 5,634 N · Clamp load (75%): 4,225 N
| Surface Condition | K Factor | N·m | ft·lbs | in·lbs | kgf·cm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain/Dry | 0.2 | 5.1 | 3.8 | 45.1 | 52.0 |
| Oiled | 0.15 | 3.8 | 2.8 | 33.6 | 38.7 |
| Zinc Plated | 0.18 | 4.6 | 3.4 | 40.7 | 46.9 |
| Waxed | 0.1 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 22.1 | 25.5 |
| MoS₂ | 0.12 | 3.0 | 2.2 | 26.6 | 30.6 |
| Galvanized | 0.25 | 6.3 | 4.6 | 55.8 | 64.2 |
Stress area: 22.03 mm² · Proof load: 6,168 N · Clamp load (75%): 4,626 N
| Surface Condition | K Factor | N·m | ft·lbs | in·lbs | kgf·cm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain/Dry | 0.2 | 5.6 | 4.1 | 49.6 | 57.1 |
| Oiled | 0.15 | 4.2 | 3.1 | 37.2 | 42.8 |
| Zinc Plated | 0.18 | 5.0 | 3.7 | 44.3 | 51.0 |
| Waxed | 0.1 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 24.8 | 28.6 |
| MoS₂ | 0.12 | 3.3 | 2.4 | 29.2 | 33.7 |
| Galvanized | 0.25 | 6.9 | 5.1 | 61.1 | 70.4 |
Formula: T = K × D × F
Step 1 — Clamp load: F = 0.75 × 280 MPa × 20.12 mm² = 4,225 N
Step 2 — Torque (dry): T = 0.20 × 0.0060 m × 4,225 N = 5.1 N·m
Proof stress per ISO 898-1:2013 Table 4. Stress area per ISO 898-1 Annex A. K-factor per VDI 2230.
Moderate-duty industrial applications, machinery guards, medium-strength connections