Stress area: 36.61 mm² · Proof load: 8,237 N · Clamp load (75%): 6,178 N
| Surface Condition | K Factor | N·m | ft·lbs | in·lbs | kgf·cm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain/Dry | 0.2 | 9.9 | 7.3 | 87.6 | 101.0 |
| Oiled | 0.15 | 7.4 | 5.5 | 65.5 | 75.5 |
| Zinc Plated | 0.18 | 8.9 | 6.6 | 78.8 | 90.8 |
| Waxed | 0.1 | 4.9 | 3.6 | 43.4 | 50.0 |
| MoS₂ | 0.12 | 5.9 | 4.4 | 52.2 | 60.2 |
| Galvanized | 0.25 | 12.4 | 9.1 | 109.7 | 126.4 |
Stress area: 39.17 mm² · Proof load: 8,813 N · Clamp load (75%): 6,610 N
| Surface Condition | K Factor | N·m | ft·lbs | in·lbs | kgf·cm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain/Dry | 0.2 | 10.6 | 7.8 | 93.8 | 108.1 |
| Oiled | 0.15 | 7.9 | 5.8 | 69.9 | 80.6 |
| Zinc Plated | 0.18 | 9.5 | 7.0 | 84.1 | 96.9 |
| Waxed | 0.1 | 5.3 | 3.9 | 46.9 | 54.0 |
| MoS₂ | 0.12 | 6.3 | 4.6 | 55.8 | 64.2 |
| Galvanized | 0.25 | 13.2 | 9.7 | 116.8 | 134.6 |
Formula: T = K × D × F
Step 1 — Clamp load: F = 0.75 × 225 MPa × 36.61 mm² = 6,178 N
Step 2 — Torque (dry): T = 0.20 × 0.0080 m × 6,178 N = 9.9 N·m
Proof stress per ISO 898-1:2013 Table 4. Stress area per ISO 898-1 Annex A. K-factor per VDI 2230.
Non-critical assemblies, light-duty applications, general-purpose hardware where high strength is not required