Stress area: 560.59 mm² · Proof load: 246,660 N · Clamp load (75%): 184,995 N
| Surface Condition | K Factor | N·m | ft·lbs | in·lbs | kgf·cm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain/Dry | 0.2 | 1110.0 | 818.7 | 9824.3 | 11318.9 |
| Oiled | 0.15 | 832.5 | 614.0 | 7368.2 | 8489.2 |
| Zinc Plated | 0.18 | 999.0 | 736.8 | 8841.9 | 10187.0 |
| Waxed | 0.1 | 555.0 | 409.3 | 4912.2 | 5659.4 |
| MoS₂ | 0.12 | 666.0 | 491.2 | 5894.6 | 6791.3 |
| Galvanized | 0.25 | 1387.5 | 1023.4 | 12280.4 | 14148.6 |
Stress area: 621.2 mm² · Proof load: 273,328 N · Clamp load (75%): 204,996 N
| Surface Condition | K Factor | N·m | ft·lbs | in·lbs | kgf·cm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain/Dry | 0.2 | 1230.0 | 907.2 | 10886.4 | 12542.6 |
| Oiled | 0.15 | 922.5 | 680.4 | 8164.8 | 9406.9 |
| Zinc Plated | 0.18 | 1107.0 | 816.5 | 9797.8 | 11288.3 |
| Waxed | 0.1 | 615.0 | 453.6 | 5443.2 | 6271.3 |
| MoS₂ | 0.12 | 738.0 | 544.3 | 6531.9 | 7525.5 |
| Galvanized | 0.25 | 1537.5 | 1134.0 | 13608.0 | 15678.2 |
Formula: T = K × D × F
Step 1 — Clamp load: F = 0.75 × 440 MPa × 560.59 mm² = 184,995 N
Step 2 — Torque (dry): T = 0.20 × 0.0300 m × 184,995 N = 1110.0 N·m
Proof stress per ISO 898-1:2013 Table 4. Stress area per ISO 898-1 Annex A. K-factor per VDI 2230.
Industrial machinery, agricultural equipment, elevated load requirements