Stress area: 816.72 mm² · Proof load: 183,762 N · Clamp load (75%): 137,822 N
| Surface Condition | K Factor | N·m | ft·lbs | in·lbs | kgf·cm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain/Dry | 0.2 | 992.3 | 731.9 | 8782.6 | 10118.7 |
| Oiled | 0.15 | 744.2 | 548.9 | 6586.7 | 7588.8 |
| Zinc Plated | 0.18 | 893.1 | 658.7 | 7904.6 | 9107.1 |
| Waxed | 0.1 | 496.2 | 366.0 | 4391.7 | 5059.9 |
| MoS₂ | 0.12 | 595.4 | 439.1 | 5269.7 | 6071.4 |
| Galvanized | 0.25 | 1240.4 | 914.9 | 10978.5 | 12648.6 |
Stress area: 864.95 mm² · Proof load: 194,614 N · Clamp load (75%): 145,960 N
| Surface Condition | K Factor | N·m | ft·lbs | in·lbs | kgf·cm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain/Dry | 0.2 | 1050.9 | 775.1 | 9301.3 | 10716.2 |
| Oiled | 0.15 | 788.2 | 581.3 | 6976.2 | 8037.4 |
| Zinc Plated | 0.18 | 945.8 | 697.6 | 8371.0 | 9644.5 |
| Waxed | 0.1 | 525.5 | 387.6 | 4651.1 | 5358.6 |
| MoS₂ | 0.12 | 630.5 | 465.0 | 5580.4 | 6429.3 |
| Galvanized | 0.25 | 1313.6 | 968.9 | 11626.3 | 13395.0 |
Formula: T = K × D × F
Step 1 — Clamp load: F = 0.75 × 225 MPa × 816.72 mm² = 137,822 N
Step 2 — Torque (dry): T = 0.20 × 0.0360 m × 137,822 N = 992.3 N·m
Proof stress per ISO 898-1:2013 Table 4. Stress area per ISO 898-1 Annex A. K-factor per VDI 2230.
Non-critical assemblies, light-duty applications, general-purpose hardware where high strength is not required