Stress area: 2676.0 mm² · Proof load: 2,221,080 N · Clamp load (75%): 1,665,810 N
| Surface Condition | K Factor | N·m | ft·lbs | in·lbs | kgf·cm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain/Dry | 0.2 | 21322.4 | 15726.6 | 188719.2 | 217428.8 |
| Oiled | 0.15 | 15991.8 | 11794.9 | 141539.4 | 163071.6 |
| Zinc Plated | 0.18 | 19190.1 | 14153.9 | 169846.8 | 195685.3 |
| Waxed | 0.1 | 10661.2 | 7863.3 | 94359.6 | 108714.4 |
| MoS₂ | 0.12 | 12793.4 | 9435.9 | 113231.2 | 130456.9 |
| Galvanized | 0.25 | 26653.0 | 19658.2 | 235899.0 | 271786.0 |
Stress area: 2809.0 mm² · Proof load: 2,331,470 N · Clamp load (75%): 1,748,602 N
| Surface Condition | K Factor | N·m | ft·lbs | in·lbs | kgf·cm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain/Dry | 0.2 | 22382.1 | 16508.2 | 198098.4 | 228234.8 |
| Oiled | 0.15 | 16786.6 | 12381.2 | 148574.0 | 171176.3 |
| Zinc Plated | 0.18 | 20143.9 | 14857.4 | 178288.6 | 205411.4 |
| Waxed | 0.1 | 11191.1 | 8254.1 | 99049.6 | 114117.9 |
| MoS₂ | 0.12 | 13429.3 | 9904.9 | 118859.4 | 136941.3 |
| Galvanized | 0.25 | 27977.6 | 20635.2 | 247622.7 | 285293.2 |
Formula: T = K × D × F
Step 1 — Clamp load: F = 0.75 × 830 MPa × 2676.0 mm² = 1,665,810 N
Step 2 — Torque (dry): T = 0.20 × 0.0640 m × 1,665,810 N = 21322.4 N·m
Proof stress per ISO 898-1:2013 Table 4. Stress area per ISO 898-1 Annex A. K-factor per VDI 2230.
Structural steel (equivalent to ASTM A490), heavy machinery, high-strength critical joints, pressure vessels