Stress area: 2676.0 mm² · Proof load: 749,280 N · Clamp load (75%): 561,960 N
| Surface Condition | K Factor | N·m | ft·lbs | in·lbs | kgf·cm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain/Dry | 0.2 | 7193.1 | 5305.4 | 63664.3 | 73349.5 |
| Oiled | 0.15 | 5394.8 | 3979.0 | 47748.0 | 55011.9 |
| Zinc Plated | 0.18 | 6473.8 | 4774.8 | 57298.0 | 66014.6 |
| Waxed | 0.1 | 3596.5 | 2652.6 | 31831.7 | 36674.2 |
| MoS₂ | 0.12 | 4315.9 | 3183.2 | 38199.0 | 44010.1 |
| Galvanized | 0.25 | 8991.4 | 6631.7 | 79580.6 | 91687.1 |
Stress area: 2809.0 mm² · Proof load: 786,520 N · Clamp load (75%): 589,890 N
| Surface Condition | K Factor | N·m | ft·lbs | in·lbs | kgf·cm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain/Dry | 0.2 | 7550.6 | 5569.0 | 66828.5 | 76995.0 |
| Oiled | 0.15 | 5662.9 | 4176.7 | 50120.9 | 57745.7 |
| Zinc Plated | 0.18 | 6795.5 | 5012.1 | 60145.3 | 69295.1 |
| Waxed | 0.1 | 3775.3 | 2784.5 | 33414.2 | 38497.5 |
| MoS₂ | 0.12 | 4530.4 | 3341.5 | 40097.4 | 46197.4 |
| Galvanized | 0.25 | 9438.2 | 6961.3 | 83535.1 | 96243.2 |
Formula: T = K × D × F
Step 1 — Clamp load: F = 0.75 × 280 MPa × 2676.0 mm² = 561,960 N
Step 2 — Torque (dry): T = 0.20 × 0.0640 m × 561,960 N = 7193.1 N·m
Proof stress per ISO 898-1:2013 Table 4. Stress area per ISO 898-1 Annex A. K-factor per VDI 2230.
Moderate-duty industrial applications, machinery guards, medium-strength connections