Stress area: 0.763 in² · Proof load: 25,179 lbs · Clamp load (75%): 18,884 lbs
| Surface Condition | K Factor | ft·lbs | N·m | in·lbs | kgf·cm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain/Dry | 0.2 | 354.1 | 480.1 | 4249.2 | 4895.7 |
| Oiled | 0.15 | 265.6 | 360.1 | 3187.2 | 3672.0 |
| Zinc Plated | 0.18 | 318.7 | 432.1 | 3824.4 | 4406.2 |
| Waxed | 0.1 | 177.0 | 240.0 | 2124.0 | 2447.3 |
| MoS₂ | 0.12 | 212.4 | 288.0 | 2548.8 | 2936.8 |
| Galvanized | 0.25 | 442.6 | 600.1 | 5311.2 | 6119.3 |
Stress area: 0.856 in² · Proof load: 28,248 lbs · Clamp load (75%): 21,186 lbs
| Surface Condition | K Factor | ft·lbs | N·m | in·lbs | kgf·cm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain/Dry | 0.2 | 397.2 | 538.5 | 4766.4 | 5491.2 |
| Oiled | 0.15 | 297.9 | 403.9 | 3574.8 | 4118.6 |
| Zinc Plated | 0.18 | 357.5 | 484.7 | 4290.0 | 4942.6 |
| Waxed | 0.1 | 198.6 | 269.3 | 2383.2 | 2746.1 |
| MoS₂ | 0.12 | 238.3 | 323.1 | 2859.6 | 3294.7 |
| Galvanized | 0.25 | 496.5 | 673.2 | 5958.0 | 6864.8 |
Formula: T = K × D × F
Step 1 — Clamp load: F = 0.75 × 33,000 psi × 0.763 in² = 18,884 lbs
Step 2 — Torque (dry): T = 0.20 × 1.125 in × 18,884 lbs ÷ 12 = 354.1 ft·lbs
Proof stress per SAE J429 Table 3. Stress area per ASME B1.1. K-factor per VDI 2230.
Large general-purpose bolts, same grade but reduced strength at larger diameters